index - GREENH-CITY

 

Publications du programme GREENH-City

 

La collection HAL-SHS du programme de recherche GREENH-City a pour objectif d’archiver, de diffuser et de valoriser la production scientifique des chercheurs du projet : articles de revues, ouvrages, chapitres d’ouvrages, direction d’ouvrages ou de numéros spéciaux de revues, rapports…
 

Le projet de recherche interventionnelle GREENH-City (GouveRnance pour l’Equité, l’EnviroNment et la Santé dans la Cité) vise ainsi à analyser et comparer des politiques en faveur de l’insertion de la santé dans toutes les politiques (SDTP) au travers des espaces verts publics urbains. Ce projet pluridisciplinaire rassemble des chercheur.e.s en santé publique, géographie de la santé, sciences de l’environnement. Il s’agit de déterminer dans quelle mesure ces politiques locales participent à la réduction d’inégalités socio-territoriales de santé en associant trois approches :

  • Une approche politique : décrire et analyser les processus de gouvernance favorisant l’approche en santé dans toutes les politiques et l’équité en santé via une action sur les espaces verts au sein du Réseau Français des Villes Santé de l’OMS.
  • Une approche socio-spatiale des espaces verts en milieu urbain : analyser de la répartition, disponibilité et accessibilité des espaces verts publics en ville, et identifier les éventuelles inégalités socio-spatiales qu’elles révèlent.
  • Une approche observationnelle et analytique des usages : analyser l’usage de ces lieux par les populations et la contribution des espaces verts sur la qualité de la vie et le bien-être des habitant.e.s ; et mettre en évidence les interactions existant entre l’intervention d’une municipalité (sur les espaces verts) et la population.

GREENH-City porte sur 6 villes de France métropolitaine (Saint-Denis, Grenoble, Perpignan, Cannes, La Rochelle et Orléans) membres du Réseau Français des Villes Santé de l’OMS. Le projet adopte une approche méthodologique mixte et comparative.

Enfin, GREENH-City est financé dans le cadre de l’appel à projet INCa pour la recherche interventionnelle en santé des populations. Il intègre 3 équipes de recherche (les laboratoires ARENES et IRSET de l’EHESP de Rennes, le laboratoire du Ladyss de l’Université de Nanterre, et l’Institut de santé globale de l’Université de Genève) ainsi qu’une équipe partenaire, le Réseau Français des Villes Santé de l’OMS (RFVS).

 

 

Dernières publications

Background: This article proposes a method for analysing the degree of maturity of Health in All Policies (HiAP) among World Health Organization-French Healthy Cities Network (WHO-FHCN) as part of the GoveRnance for Equity, EnviroNment and Health in the City (GREENH-City) project. We focused on the creation or enhancement of healthpromoting environments, and more specifically, public green spaces. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional quantitative study guided by the evaluative framework of the HiAP maturity level developed by Storm et al mixed with a qualitative interpretation. A self-administered questionnaire was sent to elected officials and health department officers in the 85 member cities of the WHO-FHCN in 2017. Subsequently 58 cities were included in the analysis, which was based on a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and a hierarchical ascending classification (HAC). Results: Thirty-two criteria among a total of 100 were identified and were used to organize the cities into 8 groups which was then reduced to three profiles among the cities: a less advanced HiAP profile, an established HiAP profile and an advanced HiAP profile. This process allows us to identify 4 dimensions that make it possible to evaluate the level of maturity of cities in the HiAP process, namely: (1) the consideration of social inequalities in health and/or health issues in the policies/actions of the sector studied, (2) occasional intersectoral collaboration, ie, one-off initiatives between the health department and others sectors, (3) the existence of joint projects, ie, common projects between two or more sectors, (4) the existence of intersectoral bodies, in this case on the theme of urban green spaces including an intersectoral committee and/or working groups. Conclusion: Four dimensions which allow to the measurement of the degree of progress in implementing healthall-policies are proposed. With a view to integrating knowledge into public action, this study carried out under real conditions offers a realistic method to evaluate HiAP.

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Cet article interroge les effets des modalités partenariales de recherche du projet GREENH-City associant des chercheur.e.s au Réseau français des Villes-Santé OMS (RfVS). Il propose une analyse de l’appropriation des connaissances scientifiques liées au projet par les villes membres du RfVS à partir du modèle de partage de connaissances. L’article montre qu’un décalage temporel peut s’opérer entre la production et l’utilisation des données liées au projet et interroge les modalités de partage de connaissances comme les pratiques de cette recherche interventionnelle.

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This scoping study aims to explore the relationships between urban green spaces (UGSs) and the onset, remission and recovery of cancer. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews (protocol published in 2018). Eligibility criteria for papers were: (1) to be concerned with UGSs, (2) reporting effects of UGSs on cancer-related outcomes including direct or indirect measures, (3) reporting randomized controlled trials, prospective cohort studies, case studies, observational studies, non-comparative studies, (4) in English or French. The search covered primary studies in the published and unpublished (grey) literatures searching by hand and electronic databases (MEDLINE, Green File, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and ScienceDirect). Among 1703 records screened by two reviewers independently, 29 were included for qualitative synthesis. We classify the cancers concerned and the effects reported i.e., protective effect, risk or without association. The most investigated cancers are bladder, breast and lung cancer. Our study also identified contributing factors and their mediating effects between UGSs and cancer. Even though the strength of the evidence of the associations between UGSs and cancer is still weak due to the low number of studies and their design, results highlight the wide variety of possible mediating factors between the use of green spaces and cancer occurrence, remission and/or prevention. Knowledge gaps and future research perspectives should be oriented to qualitative research on protective factors with an attention to equity in UGS access and use.

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BackgroundIn 2020, the Covid 19 pandemic and associated restrictions, including limited access to public urban green space (UGS), have led to a decrease in the ability of city dwellers to engage in physical activity. In France, more than 52% people reported being physically active in urban parks. Based on the GREENH-City research carried out in cities of the French network of WHO healthy cities, this presentation aims to show that UGS, depending on different drivers, can support a wide variety of physical activities, but also offer multiple other functions that contribute more or less directly to the health of the population.MethodsA qualitative survey was conducted among users of 3 different parks in each of the 6 selected cities with both observations and semi-directive interviews and a thematic analyzes were performed. Observed activities were classified into 8 groups including physical activity (non-sport, sports). Interview's analysis aimed to describe the reasons for coming and the type of activity made.Results186 observations and 591 recorded and unrecorded interviews with individuals or groups were conducted in the 18 parks. 24 types of physical activity have been described as possible uses of UGS. The most important, regardless of UGS location, is children activities in playgrounds. The most common activities are walking (with a social function) and jogging (individual function). Proximity and the accessibility are two reasons for use.ConclusionsUGS are an open access amenity for physical activities. From a social justice perspective, policy makers should ensure that every neighborhood is sufficiently close to an UGS. In addition to promoting physical activity, UGS also serve an important social function and impact the collective physical and mental health of the population in many other ways (e.g., as environmental risk regulators). Their coping role during crisis for population would worth to be studied further.

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Ce nouvel ouvrage réalisé dans le cadre du projet de recherche interventionnelle GREENH-City est dédié aux espaces verts, une composante majeure de l’urbanisme favorable à la santé et véritable levier d’intervention pour les collectivités. Cette production collective illustre l’importance de la création d’environnements favorables à la santé et à l’équité pour les populations métropolitaines.

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Au regard des multiples bénéfices potentiels que représente l’exposition des populations aux espaces verts urbains et des problématiques contemporaines de santé, l’accessibilité de tous à ces lieux constitue un enjeu majeur de santé publique. Le projet de recherche GREENH-City (Inca RI 2017-03) propose, parmi les communes du Réseau Français des Villes Santé de l’OMS, d’analyser en quelle mesure les politiques municipales intègrent des démarches de santé dans toutes les politiques, de promotion de l’équité et les appliquent aux politiques de verdissement. L’objectif de cette communication est d’examiner les enjeux théoriques et méthodologiques de l’analyse socio-spatiale des espaces verts urbains dans le contexte français afin, notamment, d’objectiver l’accessibilité de tous aux espaces verts, quels que soient les territoires de vie ou les situations socio-économiques des populations.

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En France, les inéquités de santé tendent à augmenter depuis les années 80.De nombreuses études concernent l’influence des déterminants sociaux, économiques, géographiques ou politiques dans une approche tout au long de la vie.Les expositions aux facteurs environnementaux sont inéquitables au sein de la population.L’environnement peut être un facteur protecteur, tels que sont les espaces verts en milieu urbain.En milieu urbain, les espaces verts contribuent à créer des milieux de vie favorables à la santé qui peuvent impacter les inéquités de santé.Les approches de santé dans toutes les politiques (HiAP) sont l’une des stratégies clés pour prendre en compte les déterminants sociaux et environnementaux et créer des milieux urbains favorables à la santé. (Extrait)

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Introduction Green space in the built environment is an important topic on the health agenda today. Studies have shown that access to green spaces is associated with better mental and physical health, yet green spaces can also be detrimental to health if they are not managed appropriately. Despite the increasing interest in urban green spaces, little research has so far been conducted into the links between green spaces and cancer.Objective The purpose of this scoping review is therefore to map the literature available on the types of relationship between urban green spaces and cancer.Method and analysis We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols 2015 guideline to report the protocol. To conduct this scoping review, we will use a structured search strategy based on controlled vocabulary and relevant key terms related to green space, urban space and cancer. We will search MEDLINE (PubMed), GreenFILE (EBSCOhost), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (EBSCOhost) and ScienceDirect as electronic database as well as hand-search publications for grey literature. This review will therefore provide evidence on this current topic, one which could have practical implications for policy-makers involved in choices which are more conducive to healthy living.Ethics and dissemination No primary data will be collected since all data that will be presented in this review are based on published articles and publicly available documents, and therefore ethics committee approval is not a requirement. The findings of this review will be presented at workshops and conferences, and will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Green spaces in urban setting are one of the major protective factors of population health but are dependent on public policies and can be unequitable in their access and quality. Promoting healthy green spaces policies implies to take health considerations into account outside the health sector, which is one of the aims of the Health in all policies (HiAP) approach. The communication presents the first results of the GREENH-City project, based on a multiple case study among the members of the WHO French Healthy Cities network (FHCN). The aim is to identify the type of HiAP approach of municipalities in order to tackle health inequities thanks to green spaces policies.

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After publication of the article [1], it has been brought to our attention that in the original publication the third author's name was spelt incorrectly. The correct spelling is "Emmanuelle Faure". This was previously spelt as "Emmannuelle Faure". The original article has been revised to reflect this.

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Responsable scientifique du projet: Anne ROUE LE GALL (EHESP)

Coordinatrice du projet: Marion PORCHERIE - EHESP

Participant.e.s au projet GREENH-City :

Clément BADER (Réseau des Villes-Santé),

Laakri BOUHADJ (stagiaire Ladyss),

Raul CABRERA (stagiaire EHESP),

Nicola Luca CANTOREGGI (Université de Genève),

Emmanuelle FAURE (LADYSS),

Zoé HERITAGE (Réseau des Villes-Santé),

Nina LEMAIRE (Réseau des Villes-Santé),

Lorène PANET (Réseau des Villes-Santé),

Stéphane RICAN (LADYSS),

Marie-Florence THOMAS (EHESP),

Jean SIMOS (Université de Genève),

Zoé VAILLANT (LADYSS)

 

 

 

 Gestionnaire de collection
 
Bénédicte MacGregor

benedicte.macgregor[@]cnrs.fr

 

Crédits
Archive créée et administrée sur la plateforme HAL du CCSD, et réalisée à partir du modèle de la collection du laboratoire Ladyss par Bénédicte MacGregor.
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